Getting to Know the Rare Cancer “Choriocarcinoma”

by: Dr. dr. Chamim, Sp.OG (K) Onk

What is Choriocarcinoma?

Choriocarcinoma is a rare type of cancer that develops in the uterus, specifically in the placenta. The placenta itself is an organ that develops during pregnancy and is responsible for supplying nutrients and oxygen to the fetus. In choriocarcinoma, cells in the placenta mutate and develop into cancer cells that can spread to other parts of the body.

Causes and Risk Factors of Choriocarcinoma

Choriocarcinoma occurs due to changes or mutations in placental cells that were originally normal. These mutations cause these cells to grow uncontrollably and turn into cancer cells. Although the exact cause of these mutations is not fully understood, there are several factors that can increase a person's risk of developing choriocarcinoma, such as maternal age over 35 years or complications during pregnancy, or a pregnancy that does not develop normally.

Symptoms of Choriocarcinoma

Choriocarcinoma symptoms are often difficult to recognize at first because they are similar to early pregnancy symptoms, such as nausea and vomiting. However, one of the main signs that can indicate the presence of choriocarcinoma is vaginal bleeding after pregnancy. This bleeding often occurs after a miscarriage or childbirth, although this condition can also occur in women who have previously had no problems getting pregnant.

Choriocarcinoma Treatment

Treatment for choriocarcinoma generally involves two main approaches, chemotherapy and/or surgery. Chemotherapy is used to destroy cancer cells that have spread, while surgery can be performed to remove the uterus if necessary, depending on the severity and location of the cancer. Treatment for choriocarcinoma has a high success rate if diagnosed early, and many patients are successfully cured after undergoing appropriate treatment.

Can Choriocarcinoma Recur?

Although choriocarcinoma can recur, the chance of recurrence after complete treatment is relatively rare.

Is It Still Possible to Get Pregnant After Having Choriocarcinoma?

If the uterus is not removed during choriocarcinoma treatment, it is still possible to become pregnant later. However, this decision must be discussed with the doctor.

Prevention of Choriocarcinoma

Currently, there is no specific method to prevent choriocarcinoma directly. However, there are some steps that can help reduce the risk, such as avoiding pregnancy at an age that is too old (over 35 years old), and ensuring that your pregnancy is monitored regularly. If you have a history of problems with the placenta or recurrent miscarriages, it is important to discuss preventive measures with your doctor.

In conclusion, choriocarcinoma is a rare type of cancer but can be dangerous if not treated immediately. If you experience suspicious symptoms, such as bleeding after childbirth or miscarriage, consult a doctor immediately to get the right diagnosis and treatment.

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